Category Archives: Writing

Three Lurid Pictures – Continued 1

If I were to only tell you that the extract, “Three Lurid Pictures”, was a characterization of three prominent people associated with the French Revolution, you might guess, incorrectly, who they might be.  When I told you that the three were Robespierre, Dr. Guillotin and Honore Mirabeau, you might guess, incorrectly, that attention and volume of the eight pages would be paid to the aforementioned in the order I mentioned them.  And you (probably), like me, being American, having never learned French history, while they (the French) having never forgot it, could not understand why these three and why write about the apparent least of these firstly and prominently (6 of 8 pages are dedicated exclusively to Mirabeau).  In order for me to bring you, dear reader, up to my frail understanding of this subject, I’ll have to first speak of James Russell Lowell’s characterization of Thomas Carlyle.  Next, I need to give his and my comparison of Carlyle to Shakespeare.  And finally, I’ll select certain of Carlyle more histrionic portrayals of Mirabeau for in depth analysis.  Shall we?

James Russell Lowell finds Thomas Carlyle both original (kaleidoscopic, brilliant, colorful) and thoroughly absent of any new original ideas in his later works.  Carlyle’s condemnations and ridicule of shortcomings are softened by humorous sympathy and acknowledgement of mortal frailty.  Lowell says, in fact, that the author’s type of humor runs and ends, as it must, into humor first cousin, cynicism (my wording here).  J.R.L. continues, saying, “There are no half-tints, no gradations (in his verbal portraits of powerful and historic men and women).  Carlyle’s historic compositions are wonderful prose-poems and names like Voltaire, Shakespeare, Thackeray and Homer are mentioned.

Lowell writes that one must go back to Shakespeare to find a rival to Carlyle in characterization and caricature.  Once the scales are set up, our critic looks at specific attributes of both Carlyle and the Bard.  Where Shakespeare portrays the ordinary strikingly, Carlyle examines the exceptional with exaggeration.  Shaky expounds the graces of Nature and the evolution of character, where as Carlyle gifts his characters with full detailed representation, firstly factual, then emboldened.  William Shakespeare knows the psychology of man most probably better than any practitioner today, while as Carlyle conducts a physical exam from face to follicle, from finances to feces.  With the gift of song, Lowell goes on, Carlyle’s prose-poems might sail off from Shakespeare’s lake to the epic oceans of Homer.

to be continued…Mirabeau summation here next

 

Three Lurid Pictures – Thomas Carlyle…some thoughts.

I was about to completely put down my 1880 vintage “Studies in English Literature” by Thomas Swinton when I came across an excerpt from “The French Revolution: A History”, by Thomas Carlyle.  The excerpt, ‘Three Lurid Pictures’, at once, seemed to be more Shakespeare than Gibbon, more rage than rational.  It was irresistible. Immediately, I had to get some background so that I could follow the sundry historical references he made throughout the eight fun pages.  I read about the Louis’, XIV, XV, and XVI.  The quotes attributed to their reigns are repeated to this day, even though those quotes are most probably inappropriately attributed.  In any case, I got the idea of imagining those same quotes being appropriately applied in modern times to the last two American presidential administrations and the next future one.  Here we go…

Around 1751, King Louis XIV brought France to its peak of absolute power and his words “L’etat c’est moi” express the spirit of a rule in which the king held all political authority.  His absolutism brought him into conflict with the Huguenots and the papacy, with damaging repercussions (quoted from HyperHistory.Com).   Around 2006, President George Bush sharply defended Donald Rumsfeld…, saying the embattled Pentagon chief is doing a “fine job” despite calls for his resignation from six retired military generals.  Continuing, the president was quoted as saying, “I hear the voices (indeed!), and I read the front page, and I know the speculation.  But I’m the decider…”.  I can only imagine Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld mumbling “Death has a tendency to encourage a depressing view of war.  Don’t blame the boss. He has enough problems deciding.  As for me, I am the State”.

Around 1774, King Louis XV’s decisions had damaged the power of France, weakened the treasury, discredited the absolute monarchy, and made it more vulnerable to distrust and destruction, as happened in the French Revolution which broke out 15 years after his death. “Après nous le déluge”  is a French expression, attributed to Marquise de Pompadour, the lover of the King of France.  The expression has two possible meanings: ‘After us, the deluge will come,’ asserting that if the revolution ended his reign, the nation would be plunged into chaos; or ‘After us, let the deluge come,’ implying “I don’t care what happens after I’m gone.”  Around 2016, President Obama gave an incredible, hilarious speech at the 2016 White House Correspondents Dinner.  At the end he dropped the mic and walked out telling the audience, “yeah, you’re gonna miss me when I’m gone!”   I can only imagine First Lady Michelle Obama mumbling “I love that for Barack, there is no such thing as ‘us’ and ‘them’…  But for me…after us, the deluge”.

Around May 9, 2016, a reporter asked the presumptive GOP presidential candidate, Donald J. Trump, what he would do to reduce the deficit. Trump replied, “We’ll just print money…”.  One might have speculated that a move like this would devalue the poverty wages of the already near starving poor.  I can only imagine the presumptive First Lady Melania Trump mumbling, “Nothing lasts forever, so we live it up, drink it down, laugh it off, take chances, and never have regrets. Because at one point everything we do is exactly what we wanted.  And as for ‘them’… Let them eat cake”.

I hear the past again, in every present quote.

I see history repeated each time we take a vote.

The coming of a state of one,

The deluge starts to crest,

This cake for rich it weighs a ton,

It will not float the rest.

After the Ice by Paul Crenshaw – a review

There are few days in each of our lives that would be clearly remembered if it weren’t for the startling events of that day.  Ice, bright sun, dirty rivulets washing across the road would all blend with another day such as it, except for an event that will never leave one’s mind’s eye.

Paul Crenshaw tells the story of a family tragedy.  A little boy murdered by his step-father.  An endless personal journey for him, where emotions and sentiments speed up at times with rage and at other times slow to allow a glimpse of compassion or forgiveness but without stopping to let them into the mental mirage.  The author collected newspaper articles and microfilm reels in an attempt to review and understand what happened in those haunting days many years ago.  With courage that was suppressed for sometime by trepidation, Paul let the information sit for a long while before opening up the cans.

The little boy, a nephew of 18 months, died from child abuse.  The step-father was convicted of first-degree murder.  The author speaks of having a place within himself deeper than sadness as he reviews the material, it seems he is talking about some kind of wished for mental mechanism that allows him to remember and evaluate but that holds his simple sentiments in check, keeping them from careening to a place where there will be a loss of emotional control.  Images of the murderer and the murdered do not go away.  Images, detailed images, remain and emote and haunt and never quite leave one’s mind’s eye.

The memory of the day of the funeral once again introduced the existence and metaphor of ice.  A bleary memory of the funeral, an eager escape from a stifling house where men spoke of violence, and the writer’s aimless walk away into the woods, away from the sounds that accompany death, into the soothing cold.  Freezing air, a fickle air confused of its role of either rain or snow, and the early dark that served as a companion to thoughts which required no light.  His reluctant return was respected by solemn silence, except for the ice on the leaves which seemed to accompany him to the misted glow of his grandmother’s house porch light.

Memories of the nephew’s life before death are filled with snippets of the real and fill in the blank imaginaries which help to carve continuity for Paul’s imaginings.  Having never been in the house where the boy was murdered, a detailed layout of the inside of the house is imagined.   Not knowing the precise details of what happened on that fateful day, a scenario is painted with precision.  Images of overgrown, neglected, and empty pepper the section where the imagination takes over for the missing bits.

The most poignant piece for me is when the author tells of his own remarkable family event of consequence.  His young daughter is thought to have a deformed skull.  Panic and fear set in for both parents.  Tests are done and trepidation rises.  However, as it is for so many soap-operatic occurrences in today’s modern medicine, this was a false alarm.   Their daughter’s skull was normal.  The doctor’s skull is the one that needed examining.   The point he makes here is that after this near tragic event, which turned out OK, he has no memory of what kind of day it was, how bright the snow was, how the mud mingled with the rivulets.

Memories and imaginings both strain to have another constraint added.  Why couldn’t there be a way for fond memories of both the murdered and murderer be kept separate from the events that came after?  Why can’t forgiveness intervene and allow for peaceful remembering and silent forgetting?  Why can’t sense be made out of the senseless as opposed to murder invading the laughter of a Thanksgiving day?  The events watched and waved at fail to foretell the future.

The author’s father has not spoken his grandson’s name since.  Sometimes the two of them would stand together late at night in silence, staring into their thoughts, into whatever dreams they could not handle.  The family does not mention the grandson’s name.  The grave site is unknown to Paul.  He would visit that place but he fears it would be for his own comfort and that saddens him about himself.  The haunting continues in his own life with his own daughters.  He stands in silence in their bedrooms as they sleep.  He is there in the morning when his wife gets up.  He cannot explain.

His imagination returns to the step-father.  How did they pick him up and put him in prison?  How did the arrival and days after go?  Sometimes the thoughts are tinged with sympathy if not forgiveness.  Other times they are painted red, with vengeance in mind, and the possibilities of being incarcerated with violent men.  Each frame of this mind clip takes place on a cold day.

He contrasts his dour imaginings with those brighter as he writes about his adult family life.  The closeness of his parents to them emotionally and the love for their own daughters.  As he starts to flick through a box of photos, it’s not clear, at first, whether they are of the lost nephew.  It turns out to be of his own young girls and his reflections.  Somehow he concludes that he is less wise as the years go past.

The author Paul Crenshaw closes with foreboding moments.  First the imagined crying of the nephew in the house where he was to die.  Then a real life moment in a grocery store where Paul worked and the step-father and nephew came in.  The little boy was crying until Paul picked him up.  He returned to crying when handed back to the step-father.  The young man, though not expressing it, indicates that he may feel guilty that he did not foresee the events that would take place a few months hence.

Auscultation by Steven Church – a review

Auscultation, the meaning of the title only approximates the meaning of this editorial’s content.  Listening to the sounds of the body – serves as a definition for the title word, but listening FOR the sounds of life better serve this fine piece and might serve as a subtitle.  The editorial is divided into four sections, each numbered as Chamber #, which brings to mind the components of the heart, the ultimate indicator of body life via body sound.  Though the protagonist here is the ear, the heroine is the heart and the vignettes to be described can be ranged from heart-wrenching to endearing.

Chamber 1:  Six miners are buried alive far below.  Without sight or direct communication, electronic ears are erected and seismic sounds are listened for – in vain.  The search for life is ceremonially begun with three small explosions at the surface which serve to communicate to the miners to make noise which will indicate their health to those above.  All listeners heard no sound and the rescue was abandoned with little ceremony except the sealing of the tomb of the silent six.

Chamber 2: You are brought back in time to your first doctor’s exam using a stethoscope.  The feelings of the device on your body.  The gentle instructions issued by the doctor and followed by you.  The silence, except for breath, as your body sang its tune of condition into the black flexible tubes, giving clues to the ear, and a diagnosis to only a skilled doctor.  What your body told the listener and what the listener told you would be the legacy of your visit and the path of your health.

Chamber 3: The stethoscope is a product of centuries of medicine’s quest to extract sounds from deep within the body where prying eyes cannot see.  From rudimentary to refined, the listening device has progressed from a monaural horn, to a bin aural listening device, to an electronic noise translator.  Still less than perfect, doctors train their ears on classical music – learning to discern the individual instruments.  Further, a doctor’s emblem is his stethoscope, and the sight of it serves as his good word.

The author tells of doctor and parents gathered around a fetal heart monitor awaiting the news of life.  The doctor acknowledging the noise as normal.  The author accepting that “It begins” with those first sounds.  He did not feel like a father until the heart noises registered in his ear.  That tap-tap-tap signal of life we cannot see and can in no other way sense.

Chamber 4: Nine miners are buried alive far below.  Without sight or direct communication, the trapped men listen for sounds from the surface – the ceremonial three small explosions at the surface – but don’t hear anything.  The trapped men continue to pound on the roof bolts but they get no response.  At the surface the drill operator finally punches through into the cavity and then quiets the gathered crowd.  He feels or hears the rhythmic sound of the trapped men hammering at the steel.  Life is detected and lives are saved from a place not seen but heard.

Port-au-Prince: The Moment by Mischa Berlinski – editorial review

Disaster knocks softly on one’s door before breaking it down.  This is how Mischa Berlinski introduces us to the horrific earthquake in Haiti, 2010.  Frightening sounds without source.  The foundations of the elite and the impoverished at once blended in a swirl of nature’s chaos.  Secret gardens exposed to everyone still standing…but only for the moment.  The author spinning, dizzied, seeing horror in rapid flashes as if seated in a slideshow.  Rushing in controlled panic (the author coining the term “reptilian optimism”) to his family at home, the young husband and father found his wife in mixed but joyful tears and his baby well and collected, calm.  As if in Jericho, a modern day Joshua blew his trumpet, and the high walls of P-a-P came tumbling down – all of them.  Though the situation was dire, as survivors gathered near the residence of the prime minister, the closeness emitted the contrary sounds of fragile gaiety in the moody air.  Stoic men vanished from the scene as the colorful emotions of the women dominated the sights and sounds and scenes of loss.

Communication ranged from none to spotty.  A cell phone might be found that connected but it might not have any prepaid minutes remaining.  Between the mundane programming, foreign radio stations reported, over seemingly long intervals, the quake in Haiti, first the occurrence, upgrading the adjective later to massive, and finally, hopefully, to the penultimate adjective: catastrophic.  This assessment being trumped by the declaration of a local priest – “fin des temps“.  Waiting for international response, the masses swayed on this island earth between the jolts of aftershocks.  Sounds lacking for this monumental tragedy included the absence of sirens coming to aid, the hissing of helicopters wishing to rescue.  Sounds tracking the night were those of prayer.  The darkness seemed to covet the mourning until dawn when the sun alerted those still murmuring on their knees that their struggle was to begin again and that each was exhausted.

Ruination dominated the hysterical hearsay, facts probably embedded.  What was left standing?  Curiosity out paced good sense to the hopeful skeptic.  The author ventured out to gather his own evidence at his own peril.  Sensed along his path to knowing, Mischa noticed that the odor of mass decomposition could not compete with that of massive human waste.   Sight awed at the collapse of all man’s structures thus burying the individual demise of many men,women, and children.  However, unavoidably, a mangled corpse struggled and emerged to be viewed.  Eyes wide.  Guts displayed.  Face powdered with the offal of the aforementioned collapses.  The green lawns of luxury hotels held the wounded in lawn chairs.  Foreigners, who had made contact with their country of origin and whose country cared about that individual, might be rescued by helicopter.  Elites reestablishing themselves atop the ruin as soon as conditions permitted.

With Mother Nature chortling in the background at the commencing nonsense, the blame game began to play out.  Aristide, his enemies, the elites…  The much maligned UN was there from the prior man-made disaster with its guns to contain perpetual chaos.  Nature was there to impose her enduring order.   Mr. Berlinski found his way to an impasse, within the impasse sat collapse, under the impasse lay Haiti’s destiny.  Dying but not dead.  Choking but still breathing.  Hopeless but still praying.

The Campesino-to-Campesino agroecology movement

The journal of peasant studies published this article in 2011.

Quoting from the article:

“Agroecology has played a key role in helping Cuba survive the crisis caused by the collapse of the soviet bloc in Europe (1989) and the tightening of the US trade embargo (1996).  Cuban peasants have been able to boost food production without scarce and expensive imported agricultural chemicals by first substituting more ecological inputs for the no longer available imports, and then by making a transition to more agroecologically integrated and diverse farming systems.”

The article concludes that:

“Our key findings are:

  1. the spread of agroecology was rapid and successful largely due to the social process methodology and social movement dynamics (of Campesino-to-Campesino Agroecology Movement (MACAC))
  2. farming practices evolved over time and contributed to significantly increased relative and absolute production by the peasant sector
  3. those practices resulted in additional benefits including resilience to climate change.

My post will explore the article for the practical details which support these three findings.

1. MACAC

2. Peasant Sector Production

3. Resilience to Climate Change

A concise definition of what agroecology is given:

  • Increase biomass recycling & balance nutrient flows
  • Assuring favorable soil conditions
    • cover soil with mulch or cover crops
    • high soil organic matter
    • active soil biology
  • Minimize nutrient losses
  • Promote biodiversity
  • Promote biological synergisms

Several simple methods are suggested for promoting agroecology with the following combinations:

  • worm composting of crop residues
  • constant incorporation of organic matter into the soil
  • pasturing animals on crop residues
  • the promotion and maintenance of an active soil biology

A high level of agroecological integration is described as:

…a complex peasant agroforestry system with multiple annual crops and trees, animals, rotational schemes, and perhaps even a fish pond where pond mud is collected to be used as an additional crop fertilizer.

Alternative agriculture in wealthier countries fails to out-yield conventional agriculture because they use conventional industrial inputs instead of agroecological inputs.

The paragraph on page 165 of this article provides some interesting terms, among them, food sovereignty and re-peasantization. Food sovereignty is the governing of a countries food supply through the support of the domestic family farm and securing of the country’s food stores.  Only the family farm can maintain food production sustainability and without the support of massive outside inputs.  Only domestic vigilance in maintaining home food stores can protect a country from international nutritional blackmail.

Re-peasantization is a term coined to describe the transition to agroecology.  This term and trend is the emancipation of a country from the dependence and doom of attachment to monopoly corporations that control policy and population through dominating the food industry inputs and outputs.  Modern agriculture is dependent on their supplying of animal feed, breeding stock, seeds, pesticides, and their outlet to food trading, processing and retail.

After the 1959 revolution, the initial policy was directed at diversifying away from sugar but evolved policy ended up strengthening the export mono-crop emphasis.

The soviet era provided temporary food security but not food sovereignty, it provided high yields but unsustainable, and key crop production declines resulted.

Cuba & the Taino Escape

Their pathetic inability to resist the Spanish invaders made their eventual submission in the hands of the conquistadores an inevitability.  But it wouldn’t be today.  Maybe tomorrow they would start to fall, one by one, to disease, suicide and the sword.  Today they glided away from harm, knowing that their continued life in paradise was only an indulgence.  A luxury such as this verdenture could only be afforded to them for so long in these devolving times.   For perhaps the first time they stole quick glances of one another and saw a cherished for the last time.

To these indigeness people, the pain of living incorporated death.  For their pursuers death was usually a destiny for the conquered.  Because these gentle people were not even considered human, there was no atrocity too great, no slaughter too grand.  The reports of wealth and the unloading it at the Royal docks far off were the only objectives.  A ledger of body count to booty bound would sicken the hardest of hearts, if only there were one among the violators, including the accompanying padres,

The Difficulties of Genuine Friendship

The promise made to the friend concerned when the depression could be lifted and the relationship resumed.  The conditions were out of everyone’s’ hands.  The moroseness allegedly surfaced when the rains drowned the old man’s hopes.  His hopes floated on the notion that work and tasks brought satisfaction and happiness, but that was not all.  Most of all the buildings, barns and beasts existed so approval could be had.  With approval came fleeting happiness. Fleeting happiness brought relationship.

The rains continued to wash the dirty banks and erode the synthesized sanity.  Normally this weather didn’t stay that long but she remained collapsed on this segment of country as if to prove a point or bring the fragile farmer to his senses and to admit that his outer show differed from his inner truth.  That until he admitted to his lie, she would continue her onslaught, indifferent to his pain and fading hope.

Whiskey and women would not be the answer so the old wanna be farmer decided to give a kind of faux honesty a try.  He would look the part of goatherd with shepherd crook, and blue chambray button down, and a Quaker’s broad brimmed straw hat.  High muck boots and whiskers on the chin added to the appearance, but that was all it was.  The answer was not there for him to find.  He might as well abandon his behavior and get back to doing something.  Even something that could not possibly gain him approval.

Even then, he still found it difficult to have a genuine friend.

The Farm

Over the years, Sarah suspects, Tommy has floated to the surface of her.  They are swimmers now, far apart, on the top of the sea.

What does this mean?

At one time, Tommy was below the surface of the sea of Sarah, but over the years, he floated to the surface of the person Sarah.

At one time, neither Tommy nor Sarah were swimmers but now they are both swimmers on the surface of the sea of Sarah and they did not swim in the same direction and therefore are now far apart.

This is strange way to say they have grown apart and are getting further apart because they continue to move in different directions in their lives.

There was a time when they were together below the surface of the sea of love but they could not breathe there.  The sea turned from love to alchohol and prohibited sexual endulgence to salve the pain of living in a marriage that was no longer satisfying.  Indulgence is the cure for despair, it is yet another path to hurt and unhappiness.  Moving up and away from one’s own unhappinesss is not the right direction, it is just another direction.  Happiness is in the spot where you are, even if it is below the surface and alone, which is where you and I will all end up anyway.

 

The Farm by Joy Williams – Analysis first page

Story Board

Page 1 Paragraphes

  1. A couple driving to a party in the summer night.
    1. Tommy wouldn’t drink.
  2. When Tommy didn’t drink, Sarah talked and talked.
    1. …not an act of revenge
  3. When Tommy didn’t drink,  Sarah felt cold.
  4. …on the night of the accident
    1. …words between them
    2. undercurrent of sexuality
      1. Sarah could hear it
    3. feeling guilty
    4. talked of divorce
    5. flavor in the talks of divorce
      1. scent
      2. hot
    6. burning from too much drinking
  5. girl on the bed
  6. someone’s daughter, overweight, skin, eyes
  7. Tommy assured
  8. Condors…blushed, smiled, wished
  9. no food, three drinks
    1. light then dark
    2. end of summer – bewildering, unnatural
  10. driving late to dinner
    1. Dodsons gin in the freezer
    2. Greys imported Southerners – another punch
    3. Hollands – wine
    4. Salt – high-strung, quarrel, medication, tension, doll house
      1. pretty eyes
      2. end of summer

World Building

Marriage in a small village away from large city where husband worked.  Weekend parties with wealthy couples with drinking and flirting.  Driving between the familiar locations with multiple events in different sequence.  Each place had significant items which meant something to the wife Sarah.

Sarah becomes the protagnoist in paragraph 3 when the phrasing When Tommy didn’t drink, Sarah.

Characters

  1. Sarah
    1. driving, talking, must have been drinking
    2. story: terrible, sad, grief, “not an act of revenge”
    3. cold (when Tommy didn’t drink), tanned
    4. words between them, sexuality
    5. elated, jealous, stubbornly resigned, guilty
    6. modest, embarrassed
    7. self conscious
    8. drinking
      1. 2 or 3 at Perrys’
  2. Tommy
    1. not drinking
    2. disciplined
    3. smokes
    4. likes young plump girls with beautiful skin – different than his wife
  • Protagonist
  • Antagonist
  • Other

5 Big Scenes

  1. Opening
    1. dark August night
    2. couple attending multiple parties
    3. driving through New England village near coast
    4. drinking, talking, accident, guilty, make things nice, divorce
    5. flavor, scent, sound, hot
  2. two
  3. three
  4. four
  5. Climax

Poetics

When Tommy didn’t drink, Sarah…

She had gone through her elated stage, her jealous stage, her stubbornly resigned stage and now she felt guilty.

Techniques

  1. Style
    1. short simple sentences
    2. repetition
      1. When Tommy
      2. end of summer
  2. Tone
    1. matter-of-fact
  3. Mood
    1. foreboding
    2. memories
  4. Diction
    1. common
    2. interjecting precision
  5. Point of View
    1. third person intimate
  6. Narrative presence
    1. personal – Sarah remembering
  7. Narrative Attitude
    1. earnest
    2. sarcasm
    3. critical
  8. Time frame
    1. contemporary over short period of years
  9. Time Management
    1. near now
  10. Place
    1. New England in August
  11. Motif: stuff that happens again and again; Paragraphs:
    1. dark night, long black avenue;  He did it, He did it; drinking
    2. She was telling him, She was telling him; When Tommy wouldn’t/didn’t drink
    3. When Tommy didn’t drink; thin
    4. she felt guilty, she felt guiltyflashbacks to a particular event and a single problem;  drinking; divorce
    5. divorce; seen Tommy, seen him; sitting on bed
    6. hurt; overweight, skin, eyes
    7. hurt
    8. sitting on bed
    9. drink, drank; end of summer
    10. pretty eyes, closed eyes; end of summer; gin, punch, whiskey, wine
  12. Theme
    1. alcoholic excess touches others and does not forget them
  13. Irony
    1. dramatic
  14. Rhythm
    1. simple and direct
  15. Pace
    1. no hurry
  16. Expectation
    1. some work
  17. Character
    1. woman, wife, mother, alcoholic
  18. Instructions on how to read a novel
    1. not sure